Under the standard General Liability policy, “pollutants” are defined to mean “any solid, liquid, gaseous, or thermal irritant or contaminant, including smoke, vapor, soot, fumes, acids, alkalis, chemicals and waste. Waste includes materials to be recycled, reconditioned or reclaimed.”

Some courts such as in CA may extend this definition further to follow the EPA or equivalent state definition of “pollutants”. In these states, even dirt and rocks can be pollutants once they are removed from their original location.

According to Vita and Jordan, the successful use of the pollution exclusion to deny coverage will depend on state case law to a large degree. As a result, choice-of-law issues can be important if the option is available to choose the state of defense.

Some states define “pollutants” differently than others for the purposes of such exclusion. For example, some states may define “pollutants” in their traditional sense and require the pollutants in question to involve an environmental catastrophe caused by reckless or intentional misconduct (ex: dumping of hazardous chemicals) in order for the exclusion to stand. Other states may allow the exclusion to stand where the negligent use or handling of toxic substances occurs in the ordinary course of business (ex: unintentional release of carbon monoxide by an HVAC contractor).

For More Information: See article entitled The Not-So-Great Drywall Of China by Jeffrey J. Vita and David G. Jordan

Source: Saxe Doernberger & Vita, P.C.  www.sdvlaw.com